Nitrifying Bacteria work efficiently under the following conditions:

• Carbonate Hardness of 100mg/l.
• Low levels of dissolved organic matter. ( Less than 50 ppm)
• Low concentrations of ammonia. ( Up to 2 ppm)
• If ammonia and / or nitrite levels are higher than 2ppm do a partial water change.
• A nice steady flow of water through the filter i.e. no abnormal restrictions or blockages.
• Temperatures below 29 deg C.
• Plenty of attachment sights or micro niches.
• High dissolved oxygen levels. (Above 4ppm)
• Good circulation of pond detritus. (Nitrifiers grow on suspended detritus.)
• No poisonous chemicals. (Nitrifiers are very sensitive to antibiotics, residual chlorine, detergents, etc)Low rates of water exchange. (Less than 20% per day)
• Aerators that circulate as well as aerate are best.

Nitrifying Bacteria is particularly useful for the Koi keeper during early spring when the water temperature is starting to increase and you're beginning to feed your fish regularly. It's at this point that Ammonia or Nitrite levels can increase fairly quickly and the natural bacteria in your filter system are not established in high enough concentrations to be able to degrade these toxins.

If you find that you are having Ammonia or Nitrite problems take the time to try and find out why you have the problem. Treat the problem and not just the symptom. 

Save yourself the worry and save your fish the stress - Give your filter the boost it needs at this time of year or whenever you are having high Ammonia \ Nitrite problems.

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